Fri Jul 14 2023

25 articles - From Friday Jul 07 2023 to Friday Jul 14 2023

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…


Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Am J Clin Nutr

An Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis of Interventions, Excluding Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition, Initiated in the Hospital for Adults with or at Risk of Malnutrition.

'In high quality trials with low ROB, interventions targeting nutritional intake reduce mortality at 30 days (15 studies, n: 4156, RR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55 - 0.94, p: 0.02, I 2 : 6%, Certainty: High), 6 months (27 studies, n: 6387, RR: 0.81, 95%CI: 0.71 - 0.92, p = 0.001, I 2 : 4%, Certainty: Moderate), and 12 months (27 studies, n: 6387, RR: 0.80, 95%CI: 0.67 - 0.95, p: 0.01, I 2 : 33%, Certainty: Moderate), with TSA verifying an adequate sample size and robustness of the meta-analysis CONCLUSIONS: Existing evidence is sufficient to show that nutritional intervention is effective for mortality outcomes at 30 days, 6 and 12 months. Future clinical trials should focus on the effect of nutritional interventions on other clinical outcomes.

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J Crohns Colitis

Discontinuation of Anti-Tumour Necrosis Factor Therapy in Patients with Perianal Fistulizing Crohn's Disease: Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis of 309 patients from 12 studies.

This IPD-MA, on predominantly patients with pCD without active luminal disease and first line anti-TNF therapy, shows that over half of patients remain in remission 2 years after anti-TNF discontinuation. Therefore, anti-TNF discontinuation may be considered in this subgroup.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

Association between Visceral Fat Area and Cancer Prognosis: A Population-Based Multicenter Prospective Study.

VFA is an independent prognostic indicator of muscle mass in patients with diverse types of cancer, particularly gastric, colorectal, and non-small cell lung cancers.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Mucosal a4ß7+ Lymphocytes and MAdCAM+ Venules Predict Response to Vedolizumab in Ulcerative Colitis.

UC responders to vedolizumab have a higher percentage of a4ß7+CD3+ T lymphocytes and a higher proportion of MAdCAM-1+ venules in colonic biopsies than nonresponders before initiating therapy. Both analyses could be promising predictive biomarkers for therapeutic response and may lead to more patient tailored treatment in the future.

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Oral Omilancor Treatment Ameliorates Clostridioides difficile Infection During IBD Through Novel Immunoregulatory Mechanisms Mediated by LANCL2 Activation.

These data support the development of omilancor as a novel host-targeted, antimicrobial-free immunoregulatory therapeutic for the treatment of IBD patients with C. difficile-associated disease and pathology with the potential to address the unmet clinical needs of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease patients with concomitant CDI.

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J Crohns Colitis

Clinician's Guide to Using Ozanimod for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis.

It also details the nature and frequency of monitoring during treatment, which should be adapted to the individual patient based on preexisting risk factors and events that possibly occur during treatment. This review also provides insights into the patient characteristics and clinical scenarios best suited for ozanimod treatment based on its efficacy and safety profile and the comparative risks with other therapies.

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Declining trends of reoperations and disease behavior progression in Crohn's disease over different therapeutic eras - a prospective population-based study from western Hungary between 1977-2020, data from the Veszprem cohort.

We report a continuous decline in reoperation rates and disease behavior progression in CD over time with the lowest values in the biological era. In contrast, there was no further decrease in the probability of first major resective surgery after the immunosuppressive era.

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Upadacitinib Salvage Therapy for Infliximab experienced patients with Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis.

Upadacitinib may have a role as a safe and effective salvage therapy for steroid-refractory ASUC in patients who have previously failed to respond to infliximab therapy. Prospective studies are required to determine the safety and efficacy of upadacitinib use in this setting before routine use can be recommended.

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Liver Transpl

Atherosclerosis on CT coronary angiography and risk of long-term cardiovascular events post liver transplantation.

The standardized CAD-RADS classification on CTCA predicted the occurrence of cardiovascular outcomes following LT, with a potential to increase utilization of preventive cardiovascular therapies.

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Feasibility of steroid-free tacrolimus-basiliximab immunosuppression in pediatric liver transplantation and predictors for steroid requirement.

Basiliximab induction in combination with tacrolimus-based treatment avoided steroid requirement in 45% of the patients. Tacrolimus variability and trough levels below 6.4 ng/mL independently increased the risk of steroid requirement. Further efforts should be focused on personalizing immunosuppressive treatment.

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Inhibition of SK2 and ER Stress ameliorated inflammation and apoptosis in liver ischemia reperfusion injury.

Taken together, our results suggested that ER stress and SK2 played important and regulatory roles in hepatic IRI. Inhibition of ER stress and SK2 could significantly improve liver function after hepatic IRI.

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Liver transplant outcomes using late allocation grafts.

Despite additional logistical complexity and longer CIT, LT outcomes utilizing LA grafts are similar to those allocated via SA. Improving allocation policies specific to LA offers, as well as the sharing of best practices between transplant centers and OPOs, are opportunities to further help minimize unnecessary discards.

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National survey of second opinions for hospitalized patients in need of liver transplantation.

Practices and perceptions of second opinions for hospitalized patients evaluated for LT varied widely across the US. Opportunities exist to improve equity in LT but must consider maintaining individual program autonomy.

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Pancreatology

A mouse model for high-efficient Flp-recombinase-mediated genetic manipulation in the pancreas.

We have generated a new transgenic mouse line expressing FLPo, which enables highly efficient pancreatic-specific gene recombination. When combined with other available Cre lines, this system can be utilized to target different genes in distinct cells for pancreatic research.

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Kynurenine pathway alteration in acute pancreatitis and its role as a biomarker of infected necrosis.

HLA-DR downregulation and KP alteration are related to IPN. The KP metabolite plasma tryptophan can act as a potential biomarker for IPN.

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Risk of pancreatic cancer in people with new-onset diabetes: A Danish nationwide population-based cohort study.

The 3-year cumulative incidence of PDAC is approximately 0.6% among people 50 years or older with NOD in a nationwide population-based setting. Compared to T2D, people with PCRD are characterised by distinct demographic and clinical profiles, including distinctive trajectories of plasma HbA1c and triglyceride levels.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link


Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Inflamm Bowel Dis

Prognostic Value of Inflammatory Bowel Disease-associated Biomarkers in Patients With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Enterocolitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

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Liver Transpl

Extended duration of machine perfusion: Maximizing organ utilization.

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Let's Take two steps forward.

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Letter to the Editor: Post-hepatic- ischemia-reperfusion injury-related AKI: A need for better biomarkers and interventions to mitigate the risk.

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Letter to the editor: Pure laparoscopic donor right posterior sectionectomy for living donor liver transplantation.

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Liver transplantation for acute-on-chronic liver failure due to carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT) 1A deficiency.

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Reply: Post-hepatic- ischemia-reperfusion injury-related AKI: A need for better biomarkers and interventions to mitigate the risk.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Am J Clin Nutr

Multivitamin effects on cognition in older adults with cardiovascular disease - proposed interaction with diuretics.

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Pancreatology

Clinical profile and outcome of patients with pancreatic necrosis infected with carbapenem resistant infections (PanCRI): A prospective observational study.

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